Deploy to AWS with Serverless Framework

The following instructions assume you have read the General Deployment Setup section above.

Yes, the name is confusing, but Serverless provides a very interesting option—deploy to your own cloud service account and skip the middleman entirely! By default, Serverless just orchestrates starting up services in your cloud provider of choice and pushing your code up to them. Any bill you receive is from your hosting provider (although many offer a generous free tier). You can optionally use the Serverless Dashboard to monitor your deploys and setup CI/CD to automatically deploy when pushing to your repo of choice. If you don't setup CI/CD you actually deploy from your development machine (or another designated machine you've setup to do the deployment).

Currently we default to deploying to AWS. We'd like to add more providers in the future but need help from the community in figuring our what services are equivalent to the ones we're using in AWS (Lambda for the api-side and S3/CloudFront for the web-side).

We'll handle most of the deployment commands for you, you just need an AWS account and your access/secret keys before we begin.

Setup

One command will set you up with (almost) everything you need:

yarn rw setup deploy serverless

As you'll see mentioned in the post-install instructions, you'll need to provide your AWS Access and AWS Secret Access keys. Add those to the designated places in your .env file:

# .env

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<your-key-here>
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<your-secret-key-here>

Make sure you don't check .env into your repo! It's set in .gitignore by default, so make sure it stays that way.

First Deploy

You'll need to add a special flag to the deploy command for your first deploy:

yarn rw deploy serverless --first-run

The first time you deploy your app we'll first deploy just the API side. Once it's live we can get the URL that it's been deployed to and add that as an environment variable API_URL so that web side will know what it is during build-time (it needs to know where to send GraphQL and function requests).

Half-way through the first deploy you'll be asked if you want to add the API_URL to .env.production (which is similar to .env but is only used when NODE_ENV=production, like when building the web and api sides for deploy). Make sure you say Yes at this prompt and then it will continue to deploy the web side.

Once that command completes you should see a message including the URL of your site—open that URL and hopefully everything works as expected!

Heads up

If you're getting an error trying to load data from the API side, its possible you're still pointing at your local database.

Remember to add a DATABASE_URL env var to your .env.production file that is created, pointing at the database you want to use on your deployed site. Since your stack is on AWS, RDS might be a good option, but you might find it easier/quicker to setup databases on other providers too, such as Railway or Supabase

Subsequent Deploys

From now on you can simply run yarn rw deploy serverless when you're ready to deploy (which will also be much faster).

Environment Variables

For local deployment (meaning you're deploying from your own machine, or another that you're in control of) you can put any ENV vars that are production-only into .env.production. They will override any same-named vars in .env. Make sure neither of these files is checked into your code repository!

If you're setting up CI/CD and deploying from the Serverless Dashboard, you'll need to copy your required ENV vars up to your app on Serverless and then tell it where to get them from. In api/serverless.yml and web/serverless.yml look for the provider > environment section. You'll need to list any ENV vars here, using the ${param:VAR_NAME} syntax, which means to get them from the Serverless Dashboard "parameters" (which is what they call environment variables, for some strange reason).

There are even more places you can get environment variables from, check out Serverless's Variables documentation for more.

Serverless Dashboard

Note: Serverless Dashboard CI/CD does not support projects structured like Redwood, although they're working on it. For CD, you'll need to use something like GitHub Actions.

It can still be worthwhile to integrate your project with Serverless Dashboard — you'll have features like deploy logs and monitoring, analytics, secret management, and AWS account integration. You can also authenticate into your Serverless account within a CI context. Just remember that if you do use the Dashboard to manage secrets, you'll need to use the ${param:VAR_NAME} syntax.

To integrate your site into the Serverless Dashboard, there are two ways:

1. Run yarn serverless login and a browser should open asking you to allow permission. However, in our experience, this command will fail nearly 50% of the time complaining about an invalid URL. If it does work you can then run yarn serverless in both the api and web directories to link to them an existing app in the Dashboard, or you'll be prompted to create a new one. Future deploys will now be monitored on the Dashboard.
2. You can manually add the org and app lines in api/serverless.yml and web/serverless.yml. You'll see example ones commented out near the top of the file.

Environments Besides Production

By default we assume you want to deploy to a production environment, but Serverless lets you deploy anywhere. They call these destinations "stages", and in Redwood "production" is the default. Check out their Managing Staging and Environments blog post for details.

Once configured, just add the stage to your deploy command:

yarn rw deploy serverless --stage qa

Removing Your Deploy

In addition to creating all of the services necessary for your app to run, Serverless can also remove them (which is great when testing to avoid paying for services you're no longer using).

You'll need to run this command in both the api and web directories:

yarn serverless remove --stage production

Note that production is the default stage when you deploy with yarn rw serverless deploy - if you have customized this, you have to use the same stage as you deployed with!

This will take several minutes, so grab your favorite beverage and enjoy your new $0 monthly bill!

Pro tip: if you get tired of typing serverless each time, you can use the much shorter sls alias:

yarn rw deploy sls